Synchronous toothed belt in use "climbing gear" phenomenon of mechanical and solving measures

2014-06-10 11:16:17 点击：3

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齿形同步带使用中的“爬齿”现象产生的机械波及解决对策措施

Synchronous toothed belt in use "climbing gear" phenomenon of mechanical and solving measures

[内容提要]：

Content summary:

研究了齿形同步带的特点、优缺点。

Study of the characteristics, advantages and disadvantages of the toothed synchronous belt.

指出了纺织机械在使用齿形同步带时的注意事项和日常预防的的基本要求。探讨了齿形同步带“爬齿”现象产生机械波的机理，提出了预防“爬齿”现象的方法、要点、解决措施。

Points out the basic requirements of the matters needing attention in using the synchronous belt tooth profile of textile machinery and daily prevention. Discusses the synchronous toothed belt "climbing gear mechanism of mechanical wave" phenomenon, put forward to prevent "method, climbing gear" phenomenon points, solutions.

对于使用了齿形同步带的纺织企业有重要的指导意义。

There is an important guiding significance for the use of the synchronous toothed belt of textile enterprises.

同步带有单面有齿和双面有齿两种，简称单面带和双面带。

Synchronization with a single side of a tooth and teeth two kinds of double-sided, single-sided and double-sided tape or band.

双面带又有对称齿型（DA）和交错齿型（DB）之分。

Double-sided tape and symmetrical tooth type (DA) and staggered tooth type (DB) division.

同步带齿有梯形齿同步带和弧形齿同步带两类。

Synchronous belt tooth with trapezoidal toothed synchronous belt and arc gear synchronous belt two.

同步带型号分为最轻型MXL、超轻型XXL、特轻型XL、轻型L、重型H、特重型XH、超重型XXH七种。

Synchronous belt model consists of the MXL light, ultra light XXL, light XL, L light, heavy H, severe XH, super heavy XXH seven.

梯形齿同步带传动已有标准（GB11361～11362–89）。

The existing standard trapezoidal toothed synchronous belt transmission (GB11361 ~ 11362 - 89).

在规定张紧力下，相邻两齿中心线的直线距离称为节距，以p表示。节距是同步带传动最基本的参数。

Under tension, straight-line distance of two adjacent tooth center line called the pitch, expressed in P. Pitch is the most basic parameters of synchronous belt transmission.

当同步带垂直其底边弯曲时，在带中保持原长度不变的周线，称为节线，节线长以LP表示。同步带带轮的齿形推荐采用渐开线齿形，可用范成法加工而成。也可以使用直边齿形。

When the synchronous belt is vertical to the bottom edge bending, keep the original length invariant contour in the belt, known as the pitch line, pitch length in LP. Synchronous belt tooth shaped belt wheel to recommend the use of involute tooth profile, the available generating and processing. Can also use straight tooth.

1、齿形同带特性及主要优点

1, the tooth is with characteristics and advantages

1.1精确的成型使同步皮带齿与皮带轮的凹槽完全吻合

1.1 precise molding groove so synchronous belt tooth and pulley match

1.2高强度的尼龙纤维布保护齿型工作面

Nylon fiber cloth to protect the tooth face 1.2 high strength

1.3最大的负载力能达到1000kW

1.3 the maximum load capacity can reach 1000kW

1.4启动时不容易产生打滑现象

Not easy to skid phenomenon 1.4 startup

1.5传动速度范围大

The 1.5 transmission speed range

1.6无需润滑油，也无需因为延伸和磨损而作出调整

1.6 no oil, no need for extension and wear are made

1.7较高的机械传动功率比

Mechanical transmission power is 1.7 higher than the

1.8恒定的运转速度

1.8 constant speed

1.9较长的工作寿命

1.9 a long working life

2、聚氨酯同步带

2, polyurethane synchronous belt

是以高强度低延伸的化纤绳或钢丝为骨架，上面覆盖着聚氨酯浇注胶，双面或单面呈圆弧齿形，具有耐油、耐磨、吸震、噪音小等各种优点

With high strength and low elongation fiber rope or wire frame, covered with casting polyurethane rubber, double or single circular arc tooth profile, resistant to oil, abrasion resistance, shock absorption, low noise etc.

特点：兼有齿轮传动，链传动和带传动的各自优点，不需要润滑，滑差小，无污染，噪音小，结构紧凑，运转平稳的特点。

Features: with gear drive, chain drive and belt drive of the respective advantages, no need of lubrication, small slip, no pollution, low noise, compact structure, stable operation characteristics.

有越来越多的纺织设备使用了齿形同带。

There are more and more textile equipment using the tooth shape belt.

3、齿形同步带使用中的”爬齿”现象产生的机理

3, the toothed belt in use "climbing gear" phenomena

同步带传动虽然有很多的优点，但也存在很多缺陷，如：寿命短，不耐磨，齿剥离现象严重，啮合、跳齿、振动等不良情况。

Synchronous belt drive has many advantages, but there are many defects, such as: life is short, do not wear, tooth stripping phenomenon is serious, meshing, jumping, vibration and other adverse conditions.

随着同步带传动过程和传递运动中所产生的传动误差，会出现同步带搁在齿槽齿廓表面上，由于N多次的误差累积．就会使带齿爬到带轮顶圆上，使同步齿形带在带轮顶圆上滑动的跳齿．这就是所谓“爬齿”现象；

With synchronous belt transmission process and transfer transmission errors generated in the movement, there will be put on the tooth synchronous belt tooth profile surface, due to the cumulative error of N several times. It will make the toothed belt wheel on the climb to the top circle, the synchronous toothed belt jump teeth sliding on the belt pulley on the top circle. This is the so-called "climbing gear" phenomenon;

除了以上原因可能产生“爬齿”现象外，还有：

In addition to the above reasons "climbing gear" phenomenon, and:

3．1同步带张力不适当。

3.1 synchronous belt tension is not appropriate.

3．2同步带或齿形轮表面有油污

3.2 synchronous belt or gear wheel surface with oil

3．3传动的齿形轮与齿形轮不在同一个平面上（即平行度差）；

The 3.3 transmission gear wheel and the gear wheel is not in the same plane (which is parallel to the poor);

3．4同步齿形带属于弹性体，在制造和传力过程中带齿的节距会发生变化，造成同步带齿与带轮齿在啮合时节距不等，出现节距误差。过大的节距误差，会使传动不平稳，产生振动及爬齿现象；

3.4 synchronous toothed belt belongs to the elastomer, with teeth on the manufacture and transfer process of the pitch will change, resulting in synchronous belt tooth and tooth in meshing season from the unequal, appear pitch error. A high pitch error, will make the transmission is not smooth, vibration and crawl phenomenon of tooth;

3．5起动频繁而又有冲击负荷时，导致带齿从带轮齿槽中跳出，也会产生爬齿

3.5 frequent starting and impact load, leading to Tooth jump from the belt pulley groove, also can produce climbing gear

3．6同步齿形带应用中一定要防止过载，否则也容易产生“爬齿”现象。

3.6 synchronous toothed belt applications to prevent overload, otherwise easily lead to "climb the tooth" phenomenon.

3．7有的企业使用了同步齿形带，但是对于配套的张力轮的“张力”大小并不能很好掌握，要么拼命增大张力，要么张力不足。

3.7 some companies use the synchronous toothed belt, but for supporting the tension wheel "tension" is not very good master, either to increase tension, or the tension problem.

3．7．1张力轮过大的张力的危害：众所周知，当张力轮张力过大，加上张力轮轴刚度不足时，则会造成张力轮轴头弯曲变形，从而发生跳动，这种跳动是有害的，它使得传动变得不平稳而产生高频震荡，从而产生高次谐波。

The harm of 3.7.1 tension wheel excessive tension: as everyone knows, when the tension wheel tension is too large, and the tension shaft stiffness is insufficient, will cause the bending deformation of the tension wheel shaft, then beat, the beat is harmful, it makes the transmission become unstable due to high frequency oscillation, resulting in higher harmonic.

3．7．2张力轮张力不足，则增加了齿形同步带的”爬齿”现象带来的不良情况。

3.7.2 lack of tension pulley tension, increased adverse situation caused climbing gear tooth synchronous belt "phenomenon".

同步齿形带的“爬齿”现象对于纺织设备，如：并条机、梳棉机、粗纱机等，都是非常有害的。而“爬齿”现象就是产生机械波的重要原因之一！而且，这种“爬齿”现象往往具有无规律性的特点，因此常常还会产生较为复杂的“多重机械波”，这种“多重机械波”的产生，以及时有时无性，令难寻觅其踪。增加了解决机械波的复杂性与难度！

The synchronous toothed belt "climbing gear" phenomenon for textile equipment, such as: drawing, carding, roving machine and so on, are very harmful. "Climbing gear" phenomenon is one of the important causes of mechanical wave! But, this kind of "climbing gear" phenomenon often has the characteristics of no regularity, and therefore often more complex "multiple mechanical wave", the "multiple mechanical wave", in a timely and sometimes asexual, make hard to find its trace. Increases the complexity and difficulty of solving mechanical wave!

4、解决齿形同步带使用中的”爬齿”现象的对策措施

4, to solve the synchronous toothed belt in use "climbing gear" phenomenon Countermeasures

4．1要想保证传动的准确，对于制造厂，就必须提高同步带齿制造精度确保节距与带轮齿的节距相等。

4.1 to ensure the transmission accuracy, the manufacturing plant, we must improve the synchronous belt tooth manufacturing to ensure that the accuracy of pitch and tooth pitch.

4．2解决制造中的节距误差和积累误差‘

4.2 solve manufacturing pitch error and accumulated error '

4．3适当的预加张力：同步带传动要有适当的张紧力。如FA317A型并条机产品说明书内附有张力调整表便于了维修时的张力调整，并确保无因为张力不当产生的机械波。

4.3 appropriate pre tension: synchronous belt transmission to a suitable tension. Products such as the FA317A type drawing machine instructions with tension adjustment table to adjust tension repair, and to ensure that no because of mechanical wave tension caused by improper.

4．4确保在使用中同步带与齿

4.4 to ensure that the use of synchronous belt and gear